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发表时间: 2019-03-13 09:56:50
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【选择疑问句】
要求对方对两种或两种以上的情况选择其一的问句,叫选择疑问句。
选择问句的两种或多种情况用or连接,语调先升后降,回答时不用yes或no。
选择问句有两种:一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句。
① 一般选择问句
Did you solve the problem in this way or (in) that way?
你是用这种还是那种方法解决那难题的?
I did it in that way.
我用那种方法解决的。
Is this a horse or a donkey?
这是马还是驴?
It's a donkey.
是驴。
Will you come to me or I'll go to your home?
你来找我呢,还是我去你家?
I'll go to your home.
我去找你吧。
②特殊选择问句。
Which is longer, the Yangtze River or the Nile?
长江和尼罗河,哪一条更长些?
When will you go abroad, this year or next year?
你什么时候出国,今年还是明年?
Who did you talk to, Mr. Li or Miss Wang?
你跟谁谈的,李先生还是王小姐?
【反意疑问句】
陈述句之后加上一个与之意思相反的简短问句,这种结构的句子叫反意疑问句。反意问句的 否定句必须用缩略形式,主语必须用人称代词,不能用名词。反意问句的前一部分用降调, 后一部分在表示疑问时用升调,表示强调某种意思时用降调。
1、前一部分为肯定式,后一部分为否定式。
(1)be 动词句型的反意问句:
This magazine is yours, isn't it?
这本杂志是你的,不是吗?
Your mother was a typiest in this company last year, wasn't she?
你母亲去年在这个公司当过打字员,不是吗?
(2)一般行为动词句型的反意问句:
She likes eating fish, doesn't she?
Yes, she does.
No, she doesn't.
她喜欢吃鱼,不是吗?
是的,她喜欢。/不,她不喜欢。
Tom drove the car into a tree yesterday, didn't he?
Yes, he did.
No, he didn't.
汤姆昨天开车撞在了树上,不是吗?
是的,是撞在了树上。
不,没有。
Your parents will come to see you soon, won't they?
Yes, they will.
No, they won't.
你父母很快就会来看你的,不是吗?
是的。
不,他们不来看我。
He is sleeping, isn't he?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn't.
他在睡觉,是吗?
是的。
不。
He was taken to the headmaster, wasn't he?
Yes, he was.
No, he wasn't.
他被带到校长那去了,不是吗?
是的。
不。
You have teld her the news, haven't you?
Yes, I have.
No, I haven't.
你已经把这消息告诉他了,不是吗?
是的。
不。
(3)情态动词的反意疑问句:
A dog can swim, can't it?
Yes, it can.
No, it can't.
狗会游泳,不是吗?
是的。
不。
You need take some medicine, needn't you?
Yes, I need.
No, I needn't.
你需要吃点药,不是吗?
是的,我得吃点。
不,不需要。
注意:need 还可以作为动词使用,这时其疑问部分的谓语要用do。 例如:
You need some medicine, don't you?
Yes, I do.
No, I don't.
你需要一些药品,不是吗?
是的。
不。
You'd better go and have a rest, hadn't you?
你最好去休息一会儿,不是吗?
The boy has to do it again, doesn't he?
Yes, he does.
No, he doesn't.
这孩子不得不把它重做一遍,不是吗?
是的。
不。
He had to get up early, didn't he?
Yes, he did.
No, he did not.
他不得不早起,不是吗?
是的。
不。
注意:动词have作“有”解时,它的反意疑问句两种形式都可以:
She has much homework to do, hasn't she?
(=She has much homework to do, doesn't she?)
她有许多作业要做,不是吗?
当have作其他含义解时,如“吃”,“开会”,“让”等时,只能用do或does来表示。例 如:
The boy has two eggs, a few pieces of bread and a glass of milk, doesn't he?
这个男孩吃了两个鸡蛋、几片面包和一杯牛奶,不是吗?
The had a meeting yesterday, didn't they?
他们昨天开了个会,不是吗?
2、前一部分为否定式,后一部分为肯定式。
这一类句子的回答,与汉语习惯有很大不同。回答这种问句,要按照实际情况,而不要考虑 yes和no。如果答案是肯定的,就用yes;如果是否定的,就用no。
You aren't a lawyer, are you?
Yes, I am.
No, I am not .
你不是律师,是吧?
不,我是律师。
是的,我不是。
She doesn't enjoy fish, does she?
Yes, she does.
No, she doesn't.
她不喜欢吃鱼,是吗?
不,她喜欢吃鱼。
是的, 她不喜欢。
You haven't been to Huangshan Mountain, have you?
你没去过黄山,是吧?
Yes, I have.
No, I haven't.
不,我去过。
是的,我没去过。
You didn't hand in your homework yesterday, did you?
你昨天没交作业,是吗?
Yes, I did.
No, I didn't.
不,我交了。
是的,我没交。
反意疑问句的答语
回答反意疑问句,答案含义是依据。肯定事实用yes,否定事实no来替。
3、其他类型的反意疑问句。
(1)祈使句的反意疑问句:
①在表示肯定的祈使句后可以加一个简短问句,以使语气听起来婉转、客气,而实际并不存在反意的关系。
Have a cup of coffee, will you?
喝杯咖啡,怎么样?
Do me a favour, won't you?
请帮我个忙,好吗?
②在Let's祈使句后加上“shall we?”或“Shan't we?”在“Let me(her, him)”后加上“will you?”或“won't you?”。
Let's go swimming, shall we?
咱们去游泳,好吗?
Let's go and see what's happening, shall we?
让我们过去看看发生了什么事,好吗?
Let her sing us a song, will you?
让她给我们唱一首歌,(您说)行吗?
注意:有一类动词,如hate,dislike,disagree等,虽然含有讨厌 、不喜欢、不同意等否定的意思,但仍要按照肯定句来处理。例如:
You dislike biology, don't you?
你不喜欢生物,是吗?
Yes, I do.
No, I don't.
是的,我不喜欢。
不,我喜欢。
(2)当前面陈述部分含有表示否定意思的词,如never,hardly,seldom,few,little,nobody,no one,nothing,neither等,后面的疑问部分要用肯定式。
He never help others, does he?
Yes, he does.
No, he doesn't.
他从不帮助别人,是吗?
不,他帮助别人。
是的, 他不帮。
No one can do this job, can he (they)?
Yes, he (they) can.
No, he (they) can't.
没人能干这活儿,是吗?
不,有人会干。
是的,没人会干。
Few students come to his class, do they?
Yes, they do.
No, they don't.
很少的学生去听他的课,是吗?
不,有很多人去。
是的,没人去。
反意疑问语的语调
语的语调
反意问句两语调,升调降调用法妙。加强语气降调用,表示疑问语调升。
(3)陈述部分为主从复合句时,疑问部分的谓语应该与主句谓语一致。
You don't mind if I smoke here, do you?
Yes, I do.
No, I don't.
你不介意我在这儿抽根烟,是吗?
不,我介意。
是的,我 不介意。
You never tell me you are a policeman, do you?
Yes, I do.
No, I don't.
你从未跟我说过你是警察,是吧?
不,我说过。
是的,没 说过。
注意:如果陈述部分是“I don't think (believe...)+宾语从句”时,疑问部分之中的动词和主语应与宾语从句中的动词和主语保持一致,并用肯定形式 。
I don't think you are successful, are you?
我认为你并没有成功,不是吗?
I don't believe she has cheated you of that sum of money, has she?
我相信她没有骗你那一笔钱,是吧?
(4)陈述部分是“there be”结构时,疑问部分用there而将主语代词省略。
There is something nice on my bed, isn't there?
Yes, there is.
No, the re isn't.
我的床上有好东西,是吗?
是的,有好东西。
不,没有。
There won't be any class this Saturday, will there?
Yes, there will.
No, t here won't.
这星期六没有课,是吗?
不,有课。
是的,没有 。
(5)陈述部分含有不定代词everyone,someone,anyone,no one作主语时,疑问部分主语用 they;陈述部分含有everything,something,anything,nothing时,疑问部分用it。
Everyone in your family likes to listen to the music, don't they?
你们家每个人都喜欢听音乐,是不是?
No one knows about it, do they?
没人知道这件事,是吧?
Everything here is messy, isn't it?
这里所有的东西都乱七八糟的,是不是?
Nothing is necessary now, is it?
现在一切都没有必要了,对吧?
(6)感叹句的反意疑问句:
感叹句的反意疑问句须用be动词的现在时,对人用he或you;对事物用it,疑问部分必须 用否定形式。
What a fine day, isn't it?
多么好的天气啊,是不是?
What a foolish man, isn't he?
多么蠢的家伙,是不是?
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